![]() That is, where the method of ontology is the intuitive study of the fundamental properties, modes, andĪspects of being, or of entities in general, and the method of modern symbolic logic is the rigorous construction of formal, axiomatic systems, formal Them as different aspects of one and the same science. ![]() This approach is best exemplified by Nino Cocchiarella according to whom "Formal Ontology is the result ofĬombining the intuitive, informal method of classical ontology with the formal, mathematical method of modern symbolic logic, and ultimately of identifying The use of the specific paradigm of the set theory applied to predication, moreover, conditions its Predication and of the various theories of universals. The first approach has been to study formal ontology asĪ part of ontology, and to analyze it using the tools and approach of formal logic: from this point of view formal ontology examines the logical features of In contemporary philosophy, formal ontology has been developed in two principal ways. In other words it is divided into formal logic, formal axiology, and formal praxis. The former investigates the problem of truth on three basic levels: (a) Formal Apophantics, or formal logic of judgments, where the a prioriĬonditions for the possibility of the doxic certainty of reason are to be sought, along with (b) the synthetic forms for the possibility of the axiological,Īnd (c) "practical" truths. The phenomenological ontology is divided into two: (I) Formal, and (II) Regional, or Material, Reduction coupled with the method of categorial intuition. We can distinguish: a) formal, b) descriptive and c) formalized ontologies.Ī) Formal ontology was introduced by Edmund Husserl in his Logical Investigations (1):Īccording to Husserl, its object is the study of the genera of being, the leading regional concepts, i.e., the categories its true method is the eidetic It provides criteria for distinguishing different types of objects (concrete andĪbstract, existent and nonexistent, real and ideal, independent and dependent) and their ties (relations, dependencies and predication). Ontology is the theory of objects and their ties.
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